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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair ramp can be a valuable device to aid the person you love independently at home. If they are not designed correctly, they are unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require that landings must be level with any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They also must provide a gripping surface for small wheelchair ramps (a cool way to improve) users.

Design

The ramp design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs are able to comfortably navigate the structure. The ramp's slope must not exceed a 1:12 ratio and the landings should be level in any change of direction or change in the ramp's surface. It also must be constructed of treated lumber, which is more durable and weathers precipitation far better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp must be free of obstacles such as bushes, trees or other structures that may interfere vans with wheelchair ramps for sale the safe passage of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface.

For the frame of the ramp, use treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. Make posts to support the ramp, making sure they are at minimum eight feet apart and that they extend above ground level. Spindles are the best way to join the posts with the ramp's railings. This kind of connection is preferred because it reduces the risk of an operator of the ramp falling off the edge of the ramp.

Then, build the frame for the ramp using joists that are at least 16 inches long and 2 by 4 inch beams. Make sure that the joists stand a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using joist hangers which are nails that bind the inside of the joists and prevent them from slipping off the ground. Attach the ramp decking using framing nails.

Add an upper landing to the doorway to ensure the wheelchair-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. This landing should be large enough to provide at least 12 to 24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side of out-swing doors. For doors that swing in, the landing must be at least 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and a person in wheelchair who must move backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing at any change in the direction of the ramp to avoid the requirement for wheelchairs to step on their brakes as they turn corners. A level landing allows you to move the ramp out of the way, if needed to allow lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.

Materials

The materials used to construct the ramp for wheelchairs can be either concrete, wood or aluminum. A professional ramp installation company can help you decide which is best for your home or business. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it's crucial to consider your budget and the specific requirements. The ramp should be easy to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require the ramp to be laid out with a non-slip, non-slip surface.

Be sure to check with your local government for permits prior to building or buying any materials. Also, make sure to adhere to all local building codes. The wrong materials or construction techniques can create dangerous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can find the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at the building department of your local government office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the most affordable option for ADA ramp materials. However they need more maintenance. The surface of wood ramps need to be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid rot and warping. Wood splinters can be a problem, and can be especially hazardous for those who are in wheelchairs. Wood ramps might require additional support to ensure that the structure is upright and stable.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting however they can be expensive. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install them and can make it difficult to move the ramp after it is they are no longer needed. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are less heavy and less expensive than steel or concrete. They also have the same durability, strength, and resistance to corrosion. They are also less expensive than steel and iron which makes them a great alternative for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is eco-friendly since it is found in the earth's crust naturally, and is able to be recycled.

The upper ramp's landing needs to be at a level, or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold in order to allow the smaller front wheels of wheelchairs to cross it without becoming stuck. Ramps with a gap larger than this will not be able to meet ADA standards. You should also ensure that the ramp moves smoothly between the upper landing and the ground. The final section of the ramp should have a beveled edge to stop wheelchairs from abruptly stopping when they leave or enter the home.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is an inclined plane that is used on top of or instead of stairs. It allows mobile wheelchair ramp users and those who use strollers or carts to access areas that are otherwise difficult to access.

When choosing a wheelchair access ramp, there are many aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height, and price. The ideal is for a ramp to be located close to the door as possible to prevent unnecessary journeys. It should be placed at a level where the person using it is able to be able to easily access it. It should be firmly anchored to the floor and clear of any obstructions such as trees, cars parked or other obstacles.

ADA regulations require ramps to have handrails on either side. The rails should be at least 36" apart and have smooth or rounded gripping surface. In addition, they must be connected to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the edge of the ramp. If the ramp has switchbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be in continuous use between the ramp's edges.

The length of a ramp depends on the incline, however there are a few basic ramps that are suitable for most situations. A threshold ramp, for instance is placed flush against the curb's lip or the threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are however they can be moved to a new location and are available in various sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can be assembled on-site. These ramps are usually used in public or commercial areas, and tend to be longer.

Contact your city's construction department to determine whether a permit is required for a permanent ramp. It's recommended to consult with a mobility specialist to determine which kind of ramp is best suited to your requirements and the space that you have. In some cases, installing a permanent ramp can even boost the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is essential to ensure that your wheelchair ramp is well maintained, particularly if you are going to use it frequently. It is essential to conduct regular inspections and deal with any structural issues as they arise. This will help ensure the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is essential to remove debris and dirt that could hinder access. Keep the ramp spotless to stop moisture from building up under the surface. This could cause decay. Stains and wood preservatives only work effectively when the ramp is clean prior to application.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more susceptible to wear and tear. The most important thing is to make sure you have the right tools to complete the task. A good set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers will be essential for making sure all fixings are tight and secure. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to make sure they are in good working order and are free of damage or corrosion. It's possible that over time, with repeated usage and use, the bolts and fittings that hold the handrails on could loosen and cause an extremely dangerous risk for those who use the ramp.

Another important factor is ensuring the surface of the ramp is grippy, especially in winter when conditions can be a challenge. You will need to sweep off any leaves, dirt or other debris that could block the ramp and cause slippage. You'll also need to apply an ice melt that is non-corrosive on the ramp surface to avoid slips and injuries.

If you're planning on using your ramp all winter, consider investing in wheels for traction, or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. They're specially designed to provide better tracking on uneven surfaces and snow and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair ramp for front door tires at aiding you to stay on the ramp. You can also place heating pads or tape along the ramp's surface to help melt snow and ice before it builds up.